Welcome to the “Phys.org” update from Hawaii Science Digest. Views expressed in this science and technology news summary are those of the reporters and correspondents. Content provided by “Phys.org”, an official publication of the Science X Network. Accessed on 03 May 2019, 1545 UTC.
Source: https://phys.org
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Box of Pain: A new tracer and fault injector for distributed systems
In computer science, distributed systems are systems with components located on different devices, which communicate with one another. While these systems have become increasingly common, they are typically filled with bugs.
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Climate extremes explain 18%-43% of global crop yield variations
Researchers from Australia, Germany and the US have quantified the effect of climate extremes, such as droughts or heatwaves, on the yield variability of staple crops around the world.
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A closer look at the molecular mechanism that switches control of activation of eIF2 by eIF2B
A team of researchers at the RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research in Japan has developed a tool to prevent neurogenerative diseases. They have …
Quantum sensor for photons
A photodetector converts light into an electrical signal, causing the light to be lost. Researchers led by Tracy Northup at the University of Innsbruck …
QUANTUM PHYSICS
1 HOUR AGO
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What the wheat genome tells us about wars
First they mapped the genome of wheat; now they have reconstructed its breeding history. Joining forces with other European researchers, scientists at …
MOLECULAR & COMPUTATIONAL BIOLOGY
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Monitoring the lifecycle of tiny catalyst nanoparticles
Nanoparticles can be used in many ways as catalysts. To be able to tailor them in such a way that they can catalyse certain reactions selectively and efficiently, researchers need to determine the properties of single particles …
NANOMATERIALS
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Globular cluster system of Messier 106—a relic of cosmic high noon?
An international scientific team led by a Mexican researcher discovered globular clusters rotating at the same speed as the gas in the disk of the spiral galaxy Messier 106 (also known as M106 or NGC 4258) to which they belong. …
ASTRONOMY
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Study reveals reasons for different responses to anti-PD-1 checkpoint blockade immunotherapy
A team of researchers affiliated with Johns Hopkins University and Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center has found some of the reasons for different responses to anti-PD-1 checkpoint blockade immunotherapy in cancer patients. …
Study shows drug reduces risk of relapse with neuromyelitis optica
The drug eculizumab, a synthetic antibody that inhibits the inflammatory response, significantly reduced the risk of relapse with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD). This rare but severe autoimmune inflammatory …
OPHTHALMOLOGY
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Study busts myths about gossip
A new UC Riverside study asserts that women don’t engage in “tear-down” gossip any more than men, and lower income people don’t gossip more than their more well-to-do counterparts. It also holds younger people are more likely …
PSYCHOLOGY & PSYCHIATRY
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Novel thermoelectric nanoantenna design for use in solar energy harvesting
In an article published in the SPIE Journal of Nanophotonics (JNP), researchers from a collaboration of three labs in Mexico demonstrate an innovative nanodevice for harvesting solar energy. The paper, “Thermoelectric efficiency …
ENERGY & GREEN TECH
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Needleless vaccine will protect children from dangerous viruses
Orally administered vaccine can protect millions from hepatitis B. Oral vaccines are both safer and less expensive than injections. Therefore, researchers are continuously pursuing ways to produce an oral vaccine that is …
DISEASES, CONDITIONS, SYNDROMES
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Hand movements help us understand language in a noisy environment
Hand movements (and not especially lip movements, as is often thought) are the best way to recognise language in noisy situations. The best solution is a combination of lip and hand movements. This is the conclusion of a …
NEUROSCIENCE
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Free eBook: Multiphysics Simulation Case Studies
Read about case studies covering topics ranging from life-saving wearable technology to protecting the global economy in this free eBook.
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Medical Xpress
Hotspot in the genome may drive psychosis in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder
For people with autism, encounters with police can turn dangerous
Mental prep for better performance
Ebola death toll to pass 1,000: UN
Study busts myths about gossip
Needleless vaccine will protect children from dangerous viruses
Platelets: The chameleons of cancer biology
Do massages really work?
Harvard undergrad’s AI model helps to predict TB resistance
Connecting neurons in the brain
Tech Xplore
Box of Pain: A new tracer and fault injector for distributed systems
Novel thermoelectric nanoantenna design for use in solar energy harvesting
Groovy new solar technology aims to be the future of renewable energy
One step ahead of the burglars
Dynamic checklist developed for web designers to work more efficiently, creatively
ClimaCell’s weather watch makes use of wireless signals
Should we turn the Sahara Desert into a huge solar farm?
Self-powered wearable tech
Startup aims to clean up the lithium-ion battery supply chain
Asia in charge of electric car battery production
Augmented writing technology: a writer’s friend or foe?
Predator and prey in cyber stasis
AI project on machine learning wants computers to anticipate what data users want
A new synthetic nanofactory inspired by nature
Bacteria across our planet contain nanometer-sized factories that do many different things. Some make nutrients, others isolate toxic materials that could harm the bacteria. We have barely scratched the surface of their functional …
BIO & MEDICINE
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Developing cells do synchronized swimming inside the embryo
The very beginnings of life inside a tiny developing embryo are mesmerizing to watch. Each movement and biochemical reaction is executed with well-ordered precision about 95 percent of the time, leading to the development …
CELL & MICROBIOLOGY
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A quantum leap in particle simulation
A group of scientists at the Department of Energy’s Fermilab has figured out how to use quantum computing to simulate the fundamental interactions that hold together our universe.
QUANTUM PHYSICS
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The mechanism behind the pluripotency-differentiation transition
Induced pluripotent stem cells can turn into any type of cell in the body or remain in their original form. In the current edition of Molecular Cell, scientists from the Helmholtz Zentrum München describe how cells decide …
NEUROSCIENCE
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Pretreatment with TNF inhibitors may improve outcomes of combination cancer immunotherapy
A collaborative experimental study led by researchers at Cima and Clinica Universidad de Navarra proposes a new therapeutic approach against cancer that dissociates efficacy and toxicity in the use of combined immunotherapy …
IMMUNOLOGY
3 HOURS AGO
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Study demonstrates seagrass’ strong potential for curbing erosion
Most people’s experience with seagrass, if any, amounts to little more than a tickle on their ankles while wading in shallow coastal waters. But it turns out these ubiquitous plants, varieties of which exist around the world, …
ENVIRONMENT
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Single molecule puts sperm on track
Sperm start their sprint to the ovum when they detect changes in the environment through a series of calcium channels arranged like racing stripes on their tails. A team of Yale researchers has identified a key molecule that …
MOLECULAR & COMPUTATIONAL BIOLOGY
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Life’s biochemical networks could have formed spontaneously on Earth
Researchers in Strasbourg, France, have found that mixing two small biomolecules, glyoxylate and pyruvate, in iron-salt-rich water produces a reaction network resembling life’s core biochemistry. This discovery provides insight …
BIOCHEMISTRY
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Researchers find new brain mechanisms regulating body weight
Researchers at the University of Gothenburg, Sweden, have clarified the link between the molecule interleukin-6 (IL-6) in the brain and obesity. In experiments on rats and mice, they show that the molecule does affect the …
NEUROSCIENCE
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Laser-driven spin dynamics in ferrimagnets: How does the angular momentum flow?
When exposed to intense laser pulses, the magnetization of a material can be manipulated very fast. Fundamentally, magnetization is connected to the angular momentum of the electrons in the material. A team of researchers …
GENERAL PHYSICS
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